Process and product produced by said process

ABSTRACT

A process for the preparation of a mixture of compounds having a sandalwood aroma is disclosed, which process comprises: 
     1. Reacting catechol with camphene in the presence of a Friedel Crafts Catalyst to form a first alkylation product; and then 
     2. Treating said first alkylation product with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, thus forming, initially, the diol intermediate of our invention and then, on continuing the hydrogenation, the novel mixture of our invention 
     And sandalwood perfume compositions, perfumed articles and colognes containing such mixtures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of mixtures of compounds which mixtures give rise to an intense sandalwood aroma, products produced by said process, perfume compositions containing the product of such process, perfumed articles containing the product of such process and colognes containing the product of such process.

In perfumery, perhaps the most desired of the popular wood notes, as well as the most expensive and least available, is the sandalwood odor. Oil of sandalwood, therefore, while being highly prized in the perfume world because of its desirable odor, has enjoyed only limited use, on account of its limited availability and high cost.

In the past, efforts have been made to produce synthetic substitutes for the natural oil of sandalwood, but they have met with limited success. One of the products heretofore known is the chemical, 1-oxy-2-methoxy-4-camphylcyclohexane, also sometimes referred to as isobornylhexahydroguaiacol, which is described in German Pat. No. 876,241. The formula of the aforementioned compound may be represented as follows: ##STR1## Certain Russian workers, in 1957, published an industrial method for the manufacture of this compound, isobornylhexahydroguaiacol, which they termed, Santalidol, and described it as having a fairly mild odor of the sandalwood type. L. A. Kheifits et al., Masloboino-Zhirovaya Prom 23, No. 6, 35-38 (1957); Chem. Abs., 51, 17, 107^(d) (1957).

The process employed by Kheifits et al involves the hydrogenation of isobornylguaiacol and isomers thereof in the presence of Raney nickel at elevated temperature and pressure.

Dorsky and Easter in U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937, issued on Mar. 10, 1970 modified the Kheifits et al process to increase the amount of hydrogen absorbed by the isobornylguaiacol and isomers thereof. The increased amount of hydrogen apparently altered the chemical nature of the product and instead of isobornylhexahydroguaiacol and isomers thereof, which contains one hydroxyl and one methoxyl group, Dorsky and Easter indicated that they formed a new polycyclic alcohol having the formula C₁₆ H₂₈ O which has one hydroxyl and no methoxyl group. The methoxyl group apparently was removed by hydrogenolysis. Dorsky and Easter reported that the process of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937 created a material possessing a strong, sandalwood-type odor. U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937 stated that the polycyclic alcohol thus prepared is a viscous, colorless oil with a strong sandalwood-type odor having the formula: ##STR2## In accordance with the Dorsky and Easter process, a material is hydrogenated having the formula: ##STR3## where R is a lower aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having up to 5 carbon atoms, an aromatic or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having up to 2 carbon atoms in the side chain, in the presence of a nickel hydrogenating catalyst or copper chromite at an elevated temperature and pressure, until at least 3.5 moles of hydrogen per mole of said material have been absorbed.

At column 3, lines 35-40 Dorsky and Easter state that temperatures between about 140° and 250° C, and pressures above 250 pounds per square inch give satisfactory results, but that preferably temperatures within the range of 175° C and 200° C and pressures of from about 400 up to about 1000 pounds per square inch are used.

Swiss Pat. No. 423,058 (Demole), issued on Apr. 29, 1967, teaches that the odor of the mixture of isomers having the structure: ##STR4## is due to a stereoisomer having the configuration: ##STR5## The above-mentioned stereoisomer is taught to be prepared by condensing phenol with camphene in the presence of boron trifluoride at a temperature of 100° C to form a terpenyl phenol mixture; then treating the terpenyl phenol mixture with ozone thus forming a mixture of terpenyl carboxylic acids; purifying the mixture of terpenyl carboxylic acids and then carrying out a complicated sequence of reaction steps forming the desired stereoisomer product, to wit:

1. Preparation of a Terphenyl Methyl Ketone Mixture;

2. Preparation of an Enamine of Trimethyl-2,2,3-Norbornyl-5-methyl ketone;

3. Preparation of Trimethyl-2,2,3-norbornyl-5-)-3-cyclohexene-2-one-1;

4. Preparation of (trimethyl-2,2,3-norbornyl-5-)-3-cyclohexenol-1; and

5. Separation of the Stereoisomer Resulting Therefrom.

However, neither the Demole Patent nor the Dorsky and Easter Patent disclose a technique for preparing the intensely powerful sandalwood material of the instant invention.

In addition, neither the Demole nor the Dorsky or Easter Patent disclose the preparation of the intermediate diol isomer mixture having the structure: ##STR6##

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is the GLC profile of the reaction product of Example IX.

FIG. 2 is the GLC profile of the reaction product of Example XII.

FIG. 3 is the GLC profile of the starting material (reactant to be hydrogenated) for use in the process of Example XIII.

FIG. 4 is the GLC profile of the reaction product resulting from carrying out the first stage of the reaction of Example XIII.

FIG. 4a is the infra red spectrum of the diol intermediate mixture produced according to the first stage of the reaction of Example XIII.

FIG. 5 is the GLC profile of the reaction product formed as a result of carrying out the second stage of the reaction of Example XIII.

THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel mixtures having an intense sandalwood aroma, and precursors thereof which are intermediate diols, prepared by a process which comprises first reacting catechol having the structure: ##STR7## with camphene having the structure: ##STR8## in the presence of a Friedel Crafts Catalyst and then hydrogenating the resulting mixture to first produce the intermediate nonodiferous diol composition of our invention having the structure: ##STR9## and then, on continued hydrogenation to produce the composition of our invention which has the intense sandalwood aroma, which odoriferous composition is a mixture of compounds including compounds having the structures: ##STR10## wherein the R group includes, but is not limited to, isocamphanyl and isobornyl.

The above-stated reaction sequence is summarized as follows: ##STR11##

Insofar as the reaction between camphene and catechol under the influence of the Friedel Crafts Catalyst is concerned, the following Friedel Crafts Catalysts may be employed:

Boron trifluoride etherate;

Sulfuric acid;

Acid Clay (e.g. Filtrol);

Molecular Sieve Catalysts (e.g. "SK-500" manufactured by the Union Carbid Company of New York, New York; a type of "Y" molecular sieve crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst);

Aluminum trichloride;

Boron trifluoride;

Boron trifluoride-acetic acid;

Boron trifluoride-phosphoric acid;

Ferric chloride; and

Zinc chloride.

Preferred catalysts are:

Acid Clay; and

Sulfuric acid.

The reaction temperature range for the reaction of catechol with camphene is from 75° up to about 220° C with a preferred temperature of 120°-175° C.

The mole ratio range of catechol to camphene is from 0.5:2 up to 4:1 with a preferred mole ratio range of catechol to camphene being from about 0.8:1 up to about 1.2:1.

The ratio of Friedel Crafts Catalyst:catechol is dependent upon the particular catalyst used. Thus, when using a boron trifluoride-etherate catalyst the range used is from 2 up to 25 g of catalyst per mole of catechol, with a preferred range of from about 8 up to about 12 g catalyst per mole of catechol. When using sulfuric acid the range is from 0.05 up to about 5 g of sulfuric acid per mole of catechol with a preferred range of from about 0.1 up to about 0.5 g of sulfuric acid per mole of catechol (based upon 100% sulfuric acid). When using an acid clay such as Filtrol, a range of from about 2.5 g up to about 50 g of catalyst per mole of catechol is used with a preferred range of from about 8 g of acid clay up to about 15 g of acid clay per mole of catechol.

An inert solvent (that is, not reactive with either of camphene or catechol or the Friedel Crafts Catalyst) may be used for the step of reacting catechol with camphene, but it is not necessary to use such inert solvent. When it is desired to utilize the inert solvent, particularly when using a boron trifluoride-etherate catalyst, a convenient solvent is toluene; but other "inert" solvents may also be used, e.g. o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform and carbon-tetrachloride.

The reaction between catechol and camphene in the presence of a Friedel Crafts Catalyst may be carried out at either atmospheric pressure, super atmospheric pressures or pressures lower than atmospheric; however, for the purposes of convenience and economy, it is preferred to carry out the reaction at atmospheric pressure.

The time of reaction of catechol with camphene is inversely proportional to the temperature of reaction. Thus, at the higher range of temperatures of reaction, shorter times of reaction are required and at the lower temperatures of reaction, longer times of reaction are required. Accordingly, the time of reaction varies from about 2 up to about 25 hours with the usual time of reaction being between 5 and 12 hours.

Insofar as the hydrogenation reaction is concerned, it may be conducted as a one stage reaction or a two stage reaction. When carrying out the two stage reaction, the first stage reaction temperature is 100° up to 200° C; preferably 125°-165° C and the second stage reaction temperature is between 200° C and 300° C; with a preferred second stage reaction temperature range of 225°-250° C. At the end of the first stage, a nonodoriferous diol intermediate mixture is produced having the structure: ##STR12## This is exemplified in Example XIII, infra. The odoriferous sandalwood composition of our invention is produced at the higher temperature range during the carrying out of the second stage. When the process of our invention is carried out in one stage, the intermediate diol composition of our invention is apparently still produced in situ and as the hydrogenation proceeds this intermediate diol is converted into the ordoriferous sandalwood aroma composition of our invention at the higher temperature range.

Both stages of the hydrogenation reaction may be carried out at pressures between 200 and 2500 pounds per square inch of hydrogen. When the reaction is conducted in one stage, heating is carried out whereby the reaction mass is heated directly to 200°-300° C, preferably to 225°-250° C.

The time of reaction varies inversely with the temperature and pressure of reaction with higher pressures and temperatures giving rise to a shorter required time of reaction. Accordingly, the time of reaction varies between 2 and 25 hours with the preferred time range being from about 5 up to about 15 hours.

The hydrogenation reaction may be carried out in the presence of inert solvents, (e.g. isopropyl alcohol and diisobutyl carbinol).

The ratio of solvent to camphene-catechol reaction product will thus vary from about 0 up to about 4:1 (wt/wt).

The hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, for example:

i. Nickel catalysts such as Raney Nickel and Nickel-on-Kieselguhr;

ii. Palladium containing catalysts such as Palladium-on-carbon

iii. Rhodium catalysts such as Rhodium-on-carbon or Rhodium-on-Alumina;

iv. Platinum catalysts; and

v. Mixed Rhodium and Platimum.

More specifically, the catalysts preferred are Raney Nickel, 5% Palladium-on-carbon and 5% Rhodium-on-carbon. With regard to the use of Raney Nickel catalysts, the percent of catalyst in the camphene-catechol reaction product may vary from about 3% up to about 20% (based on weight of camphene-catechol reaction product) with a preferred percent of hydrogenation catalyst in the camphene-catechol reaction product being from about 5% up to about 10% by weight. With regard to the Palladium-on-carbon and Rhodium-on-carbon catalysts, the percent of catalyst in the reaction product may vary from about 0.1% up to about 5% (based on the total weight of camphene-catechol reaction product).

The production of the mono-hyroxy derivative from the dihydroxy or diol derivative using this hydrogenation technique is surprising, unobvious and commerically advantageous. The prior art discloses hydrogenation of phenols at high temperatures, but indicates that cyclohexyl alcohols do not form as a result of such hydrogenation. This is exemplified by the following articles:

1. Chem Abstracts 44: 3445b ("Catalytic Hydrogenation of Phenols at Higher Temperatures. II. Reduction of the isomeric di- and triphenols") Abstract of Article by Fujita, Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto-Imp. Univ. 23A, pp 405-20 (1942) (Shows production only of the cyclohexane diol isomers using Nickel catalyst);

2. Chem Abstracts 47: 11239b ("Alicyclic Diols"); Abstract of German Pat. No. 857,962, issued on Dec. 4, 1952 (Discloses an improved process for preparing alicyclic diols by hydrogenating isocyclic ortho-di-hydroxy compounds in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts at elevated temperatures);

3. Chem Abstracts 52: 2912c ("Partial Dehydroxylation of Divalent Phenols by Hydrogenation"); Abstract of Czech Pat. 86,160 issued on Jan. 15, 1957 (Discloses the reduction of catechol using molybdenum trioxide-aluminum oxide catalyst to form phenol);

4. Chem Abstracts 53: 14058a ("Monohydric Phenols"); Abstract of German Pat. No. 849,557 issued on Sept. 15, 1952 (Discloses production of monohydric phenols from polyhydric phenols by hydrogenation of polyhydric phenols over a zinc oxide chrome oxide catalyst);

5. Chem Abstracts 54; 22456f ("Selective Hydrogenation of the Pyrocatechols and Higher Alkyl Phenols"); Abstract of Article by Kubieka et al in Freiberger Forschungsh A131, (1960) (Discloses hydrogenation of polyhydric phenolic compositions to yield phenols using nickel sulfide, iron sulfide, copper sulfide or cobalt sulfide catalysts on alumina or silica carriers);

6. Chem Abstracts 55: 2496e ("Catalytic Hydrogenation of Hydroxybenzenes over Pt and Rh Catalysts"); Abstract by Smith et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 2739-43 (1961) (Discloses hydrogenation of catechol over rhodium on alumina catalysts to produce 2-hydroxycyclohexanone);

7. Chem Abstracts 58: 5432f ("Coke Formation During High Temperature Hydrogenation on an Alumina-Molybdena Cataylst"); Abstract of article by Lozovoi et al in Tr. Inst. Goryuch. Isokop., Akad. Nauk. SSSR 17, pp 23-45 (1962) (Discloses hydrogenation of catechol over a molybdenum oxide-alumina catalyst at very high temperatures [515° C]);

8. Chem Abstracts 62: 5120f ("High-Pressure Hydrogenation of Catechols in the Liquid Phase-Influence of the Quality of the Diluent and the Circulation of Products"); Abstract of article by Svajgl. Sb. Praci Vyzkumu Chem. Vyuzili Uhli. Dehtu Ropy, No. 2, pp 21-35 (1962) (Discloses hydrogenation of catechol using ferrous hydroxide on activated charcoal catalyst to yield phenol);

9. Chem Abstracts 63: 16188b ("Stereochemistry of the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Dihydroxybenzene Derivatives"); Abstract of article by Zymalkowski et al, Arch. Pharm. 298(9 ), pp 604-12 (1965) (Discloses the formation of cis and trans cyclohexane diols by hydrogenation of divalent phenols using rhodium on alumina and rhodium-platinum mixed catalysts).

The novel odoriferous mixtures thus produced as disclosed herein can be incorporated into a wide variety of finished perfume compounds and components for finished perfume compounds. It has been found that the novel materials of this invention have persistent fragrances as more fully described below which adapts them for incorporation into perfume compositions where a distinct sandalwood, woody musky aroma is required. To make a sandalwood type of perfume, the materials produced according to this invention can be combined with many types of odor materials, such as alcohols, hydrocarbons (e.g. sesquiterpenes), aldehydes, nitriles, esters, lactones and natural essential oils. These materials may be admixed with the product produced according to the process of our invention so that the combined odors of the individual components produce a pleasant and desired fragrance, particularly and preferably in sandalwood fragrances. Such perfume compositions usually contain (a) the main note or the bouquet or foundation stone of the compositions; (b) modifiers which round off and accompany the main notes; (c) fixatives which include (i) odorous substances which lend a particular note to the perfume throughout all stages of the evaporation and (ii) substances which retard evaporation; and (d) top notes which are usually low boiling fresh smelling materials.

In perfume compositions, it is the individual components which contribute to a particular olfactory characteristic, however, the over-all sensory effect created by the perfume composition will be at least the sum total of the effects of each of the ingredients. Thus, the product produced according to the process of our invention can be used to alter, modify or enhance the aroma characteristics of a perfume composition, for example, by utilizing or moderating the olfactory reaction contributed by another ingredient in the composition.

The amount of composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the camphene-catechol reaction product of our invention which will be effective in perfume compositions as well as in perfume articles and colognes depends on many factors including the other ingredients, their amounts and the effects which are desired. It has been found that perfume compositions containing as little as 0.01% of reaction product produced according to the process of our invention or even less (e.g. 0.005%) can be used to impart an intense sandalwood, musky, woody aroma to perfumes, soaps, cosmetics, colognes, detergents or other products. The amount employed can range up to 100% of the fragrance components and will depend on consideration of costs, nature of the end product, the effect desired on the finished product and the particular fragrance sought.

The composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol, produced according to our invention, is useful, taken alone or in perfume compositions as an olfactory component for use in detergents and soaps; space odorants and deodorants; perfume; colognes; toilet water; bath preparations, such as bath oils, and bath solids; hair preparations, such as lacquers, brilliantines, pomades and shampoos; cosmetic preparation, such as creams, deodorants, hand lotions and sun screens; powders, such as talcs, dusting powders, face powders and the like. When used as an olfactory component, as little as 1% of the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of catechol and camphene will suffice to impart an intense sandalwood note to sandalwood and woody type formulations. Generally, no more than 3% of the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of catechol and camphene (based on the ultimate end product) is required in the perfume composition.

In addition, the perfume composition or fragrance composition of our invention can contain a vehicle, or carrier for the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of catechol and camphene. The vehicle can be a liquid such as an alcohol, (necessarily a non-toxic alcohol), a non-toxic glycol, or the like. The carrier can also be absorbent solid, such as a gum (e.g. gum arabic) or components for encapsulating the composition (such as gelatin).

It will thus be apparent that the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol of our invention can be utilized to alter, modify or enhance the aroma of perfume compositions, perfumed articles and colognes.

Examples I-XIII serve to illustrate processes for producing the products useful in our invention as well as uses of the odiferous products of our invention in the perfume compositions, perfumed articles and colognes of our invention.

It will be understood that these Examples are illustrative and the invention is to be considered to be restricted thereto only as indicated in the appended claims.

All parts and percentages given herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.

EXAMPLE I REACTION OF CAMPHENE AND CATECHOL (BF₃ -ETHERATE CATALYST)

Into a 1 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser, dropping funnel, and heating mantle are placed:

    ______________________________________                                         Catechol           188 g                                                       Toluene            110 g                                                       Boron trifluoride   16 g                                                       etherate                                                                       ______________________________________                                    

The resulting mixture is heated to 45° C.

Placed in a dropping funnel are the following ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                         Camphene           136 g                                                       Toluene            150 g                                                       ______________________________________                                    

The camphene-toluene solution is added to the catechol-toluene-boron trifluoride-etherate mixture over a period of two hours while maintaining the reaction mass at 45° C. The reaction mass is then heated to 95° C and maintained at that temperature with stirring for an additional 12 hour period. 100 g of 5% sodium hydroxide are then added to the reaction mass followed by the stirring of the reaction mass for a period of 15 minutes. The reaction mass is then separated and the organic layer is washed neutral. Solvent is then stripped off yielding 343 g of an oil.

The resulting oil is rushed-over yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                              Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                     Number Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                                ______________________________________                                         1       110-170° C                                                                         164-200° C                                                                        2.3     10.7 gm                                   2      210        214        2.3    10.2                                       3      210        215        2.3    9.8                                        4      215        215        2.3    12.0                                       5      215        215        2.3    23.0                                       6      215        220        2.3    20.3                                       7      214        225        2.7    21.9                                       8      240        250        2.3    30.0                                       9      245        250               27.2                                       10     245         28        2.3    2.5                                        ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 2-7 are bulked.

EXAMPLE II HYDROGENATION OF REACTION PRODUCT OF CATECHOL AND CAMPHENE

Into a 1 liter autoclave is placed the following materials:

    ______________________________________                                         Reaction product of  250 g                                                     catechol and camphene                                                          produced according to                                                          Ex. I (fractions 2-7)                                                          Isopropyl alcohol    100 ml                                                    Raney nickel          15 g                                                     ______________________________________                                    

After sealing, the autoclave is then purged with nitrogen followed by hydrogen, and heated to 220° C under 450 psi hydrogen pressure. While maintaining the autoclave pressure between 450 and 500 psig and stirring at a rate of 1200 rpm, the autoclave is periodically repressurized with hydrogen over a period of 16 hours. At the end of the 16 hour period, the reaction mass is removed from the autoclave and filtered. The autoclave is rinsed with two 200 g portions of isopropyl alcohol. The isopropyl alcohol is then stripped from the reaction mass and the resulting material (240 g) is distilled on an 8 inch vigreaux column yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                              Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                     Number Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                                ______________________________________                                         1         95-120° C                                                                        151-174° C                                                                        2.5     16.2 gm                                   2      156        186        2.5    11.3                                       3      175        196        2.5    17.0                                       4      175        194        2.5    19.7                                       5      182        197        2.5    19.6                                       6      184        197        2.5    30.7                                       7      187        200        2.5    29.9                                       8      167        197        2.5    24.7                                       9      172        207        2.5    26.6                                       10     170        250        2.5    17.3                                       ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 2-9 are bulked and the resulting product has a strong sandalwood aroma; about five-ten times as strong as that product produced according to Example II or Example V of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

The resulting product is a mixture of several chemical compounds.

EXAMPLE III FLORAL-WOODY FORMULATION

The following mixture is produced:

    ______________________________________                                         Ingredients           Parts by Weight                                          ______________________________________                                         Rhodinol              40                                                       Phenylethyl alcohol   60                                                       Linalol               20                                                       Bergamot oil          30                                                       Hydroxycitronellal    110                                                      Alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde                                                                          30                                                       p-isopropyl-alpha-methyl                                                                             45                                                       phenyl-propyl-aldehyde                                                         (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                         Undecylaldehyde       45                                                       (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                         Benzyl acetate        75                                                       Indol (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                                         15                                                       Undecalactone (1% in ethyl                                                                           30                                                       alcohol)                                                                       Ylang                 20                                                       Eugenol               10                                                       Methylionone          90                                                       Vetiver acetate       30                                                       Product produced according to                                                                         6                                                       Ex. II                                                                         Musk ketone           60                                                       Heliotropin           40                                                       Coumarin              20                                                       Natural Civet (10% in 25                                                       ethyl alcohol)                                                                 Orange absolute       30                                                       Jasmin absolute       35                                                       Rose absolute         30                                                       ______________________________________                                    

The product produced according to Example II adds an intense sandalwood note to this floral woody formulation using a concentration of the product of Example II which is 1/5 to 1/10 that required when using the product of Example II or Example V of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

EXAMPLE IV PREPARATION OF A COSMETIC AND POWDER COMPOSITION

A cosmetic powder is prepared by mixing in a ball mill, 100 g of talcum powder with 0.25 g of the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol prepared according to Example II. It has an excellent sandalwood aroma with woody and musky notes. By the same process a cosmetic powder is prepared by mixing in a ball mill, 100 g of talcum powder with 1 g of the perfume composition prepared according to Example III. It, too, has an excellent sandalwood aroma with woody and musky nuances.

EXAMPLE V PERFUMED LIQUID DETERGENT

Concentrated liquid detergents with intense sandalwood aromas are prepared containing 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of the composition produced by means of the hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol prepared according to Example II. The detergents are prepared by adding and homogeneously mixing the appropriate quantity of hydrogenation product (of reaction product of catechol and camphene) in the liquid detergent. The detergents all posses intense sandalwood aromas, with the intensity increasing with greater concentrations of hydrogenation product.

EXAMPLE VI PREPARATION OF A COLOGNE AND HANDKERCHIEF PERFUME

The composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol prepared according to the process of Example II is incorporated into a cologne at a concentration of 2.5% in 85% aqueous ethanol; and into a handkerchief perfume at a concentration of 20% (in 95% aqueous ethanol). A distinct and definite sandalwood fragrance with musky and woody nuances is imparted to the cologne and to the handkerchief perfume.

EXAMPLE VII PREPARATION OF A SOAP COMPOSITION

One hundred grams of soap chips are mixed with one grams of the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of catechol and camphene produced according to Example II until a substantially homogenous composition is obtained. The perfumed soap composition manifests an excellent sandalwood, woody, musky aroma. A similar aroma is created by adding three grams of the perfume composition of Example III to the soap chips and mixing until a homogenous composition is obtained. The resulting perfumed soap composition manifests an excellent sandalwood aroma.

EXAMPLE VIII REACTION OF CAMPHENE AND CATECHOL (USING H₂ SO₄ CATALYST)

Into a 1 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser, dropping funnel and heating mantle are placed:

    ______________________________________                                         Catechol               330 g                                                   Concentrated Sulfuric  0.4 g                                                   Acid (95%)                                                                     ______________________________________                                    

The resulting mixture is heated to 120° C. Placed in a dropping funnel fitted with a heating tape is 375 g of molten camphene. The molten camphene is added to the catechol-sulfuric acid mixture over a period of six (6) hours while maintaining the reaction mass at 120° C. At the end of the six (6) hour period, the reaction mass is stirred at 120° C for another two hours. 0.5 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 1 gm water is then added, followed by the stirring of the reaction mass for a period of 15 minutes.

The resulting crude product is then rushed-over yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                              Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                     Number Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg. of Fraction                                ______________________________________                                         1       120-140° C                                                                         147-160° C                                                                        3.0     23.3 gm                                   2      140        165        3.0    45.7                                       3       75        204        3.0    40.2                                       4      210        215        3.0    51.8                                       5      210        215        3.0    38.8                                       6      212        220        3.0    47.2                                       7      215        224        3.0    41.2                                       8      222        230        3.0    45.6                                       9      236        254        3.0    39.9                                       10     230        260        6.0    29.8                                       ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 4-9 are bulked.

EXAMPLE IX HYDROGENATION OF REACTION PRODUCT OF CATECHOL AND CAMPHENE OF EXAMPLE VIII

Into a 1 liter autoclave is placed the following materials:

    ______________________________________                                         Reaction product of    350 g                                                   catechol and camphene                                                          produced according to                                                          Ex. VIII (fractions 2-8)                                                       Isopropyl alcohol      100 ml                                                  Raney nickel            30 g                                                   ______________________________________                                    

After sealing, the autoclave is purged with nitrogen followed by hydrogen, and then heated to a temperature in the range of 225°-230° C at a pressure of 500 psig. The autoclave is operated at this set of conditions for three hours. After the three hour period the autoclave pressure rises to about 850 psig and the autoclave is periodically vented back to 500 psig for a period of 12 hours.

At the end of the 12 hour period, the reaction mass is removed from the autoclave and and filtered. The autoclave is then rinsed with two 200 g portions of isopropyl alcohol. The isopropyl alcohol is then stripped from the reaction mass and the resulting material is distilled on an 10 inch vigreaux column yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                              Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                     Number Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                                ______________________________________                                         1       80-116° C                                                                          148-150° C                                                                        2.5    4.4 gm                                     2      135        155        2.5    10.1                                       3      140        156        2.5    12.3                                       4      145        160        2.5    12.2                                       5      148        160        2.5    24.5                                       6      150        164        2.5    31.1                                       7      154        167        2.5    30.0                                       8      157        173        2.5    31.3                                       9      162        181        2.5    31.6                                       10     168        189        2.5    26.5                                       11     181        215        2.5    29.4                                       12     182        224        2.5    17.8                                       13     194        257        2.5    29.5                                       14     231        274        2.5    32.6                                       15     239        290        2.5    8.4                                        ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 6-10 are bulked. The resulting product has a strong sandalwood aroma, with woody nuances; approximately 5-10 times the strength of the product produced according to the processes of Example II or Example V of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

The resulting product is a mixture of several chemical compounds. The GLC profile thereof is set forth in FIG. 1. (Conditions 2% carbowax-coated 18 feet by 1/4 inch column, programmed at 80°-220° C).

EXAMPLE X FLORAL-WOODY FORMULATION

The following mixture is prepared:

    ______________________________________                                         Ingredients          Parts by Weight                                           ______________________________________                                         Rhodinol             40                                                        Phenylethyl alcohol  60                                                        Linalol              20                                                        Bergomot oil         30                                                        Hydroxycitronellal   110                                                       Alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde                                                                         30                                                        p-isopropyl-alpha-methyl                                                                            45                                                         phenyl-propyl-aldehyde                                                         (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                        Undecylaldehyde      45                                                         (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                        Benzyl acetate       75                                                        Indol (10% in ethyl alcohol)                                                                        15                                                        Undecalactone (1% in ethyl                                                                          30                                                         alcohol)                                                                      Ylang                20                                                        Eugenol              10                                                        Methylionone         90                                                        Vetiver acetate      30                                                        Product produced according to                                                                       6                                                          Ex. IX                                                                        Musk ketone          60                                                        Heliotropin          40                                                        Coumarin             20                                                        Natural Civet (10% in                                                                               25                                                         ethyl alcohol)                                                                Orange absolute      30                                                        Jasmin absolute      35                                                        Rose absolute        30                                                        ______________________________________                                    

The product produced according to Example IX adds the intense sandalwood note to this floral woody formulation using a concentration of the product of Example IX which is 1/5-1/10 that of the product produced according to the processes of Examples II or Example V of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

EXAMPLE XI REACTION OF CAMPHENE AND CATECHOL (USING A "FILTROL" CATALYST)

Into a 1 liter reaction flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, reflux condenser, dropping funnel, and heating mantle are placed:

    ______________________________________                                         Catechol              330     g                                                Filtrol 24            33      g                                                 (A 20-60 mesh acid                                                             clay manufactured by                                                           the Filtrol Corporation                                                        of Los Angeles, California                                                     and having the following                                                       properties:                                                                   Particle-Size Analysis by Tyler Standard Sieve                                 Through 20 Mesh, Wt. %                                                                               100                                                      Though 60 Mesh, Wt. % 5                                                        Free Moisture, Wt. %  10                                                       Free & Combined Moisture, Wt. %                                                                      15       (max.)                                          (Loss at 1700° F)                                                       Bulk Density, lbs./cu.ft.                                                                            47                                                       Particle Density      1.3                                                      Surface Area, N.sup.2 adsorption (BET                                          Method) sq. M/gm      280-300                                                  ______________________________________                                    

The resulting mixture is heated to 150° C. 408 g of molten camphene are then placed in a dropping funnel fitted with a heating tape. The molten camphene is added to the catechol-Filtrol mixture over a period of six (6) hours while maintaining the reaction mass at 150°-155° C. At the end of the six (6) hour period, the reaction mass is stirred for an additional four (4) hours at 150° C. The reaction mass is rushed-over yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                               Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                    Number  Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                               ______________________________________                                         1       100-150° C                                                                         150-170° C                                                                         3.0     46.2 gm                                  2       175        204               21.4                                      3       186        215        3.5    42.2                                      4       198        205        2.5    49.5                                      5       205        209        2.5    53.2                                      6       208        212        2.5    51.6                                      7       210        215        2.5    50.5                                      8       211        217        2.5    45.1                                      9       211        218        2.5    51.7                                      10      215        218        2.5    54.0                                      11      218        230        2.5    49.3                                      12      223        240        2.5    39.3                                      13      210        245        3.8    28.9                                      14      230        280        5.0    27.1                                      15      250        320        3.8    28.7                                      ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 3-13 are bulked.

EXAMPLE XII HYDROGENATION OF REACTION PRODUCT OF CATECHOL AND CAMPHENE

Into a 1 liter autoclave is placed the following materials:

    ______________________________________                                         Reaction product of   400     g                                                 catechol and camphene                                                          produced according to                                                          Ex. XI (fractions 3-13)                                                       Isopropyl alcohol     100     ml                                               Raney nickel          30      g                                                ______________________________________                                    

After sealing, the autoclave is then purged with nitrogen followed by hydrogen. The autoclave is then heated to 155° C under 50 psig hydrogen pressure and kept at 155°-197° C for about 1 hour at which time the hydrogen uptake diminishes considerably. The reaction mass is then heated to between 220° C and 235° C and the autoclave pressure builds up to about 900 psig. The autoclave is periodically vented down to 500 psig over a period of 11 hours while maintaining the temperature at 220°-235° C. At the end of the 11 hour period, the reaction mixture is cooled to 110° C at which temperature it is stirred for a period of about 5 hours during which time significant hydrogen uptake is observed. The reaction mass is then removed from the autoclave, filtered and the isopropanol is recovered at atmospheric pressure to 100° C, then at 20 mm Hg at 100° C. 11 grams of Primol is added to the resulting oil. The resulting oil is then distilled on an 8 inch vigreaux column yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                               Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                    Number  Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                               ______________________________________                                         1       44-100° C                                                                          120-155    2.5     8.0 gm                                   2       140        160        2.5    16.0                                      3       146        163        2.5    17.8                                      4       150        165        2.5    22.0                                      5       155        165        2.5    25.0                                      6       157        167        2.5    26.8                                      7       159        169        2.5    27.5                                      8       160        171        2.5    31.2                                      9       165        177        2.5    28.0                                      10      170        185        2.5    32.5                                      11      172        190        2.5    23.2                                      12      187        207        2.5    19.7                                      13      195        214        2.5    26.0                                      14      203        219        2.5    24.9                                      15      225        308        2.5    12.3                                      ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 5-10 are bulked and the resulting product has a strong sandalwood aroma with woody nuances; approximately 5-10 times the strength of the product which is produced according to the processes of Example II or Example IV of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

The resulting product is a mixture of several chemical compounds. The GLC profile thereof is set forth in FIG. 2.

EXAMPLE XIII HYDROGENATION OF REACTION PRODUCT OF CATECHOL AND CAMPHENE IN TWO STAGES: (A) STAGE 1 PRODUCT: DIOL MIXTURE; (B) STAGE 2 PRODUCT: ODIFEROUS MONOHYDROXY COMPOUND MIXTURE STAGE 1:

Into a 1 liter autoclave is placed the following materials:

    ______________________________________                                         Reaction product of   397     g                                                catechol and camphene                                                          produced according to                                                          Ex. XI (Fractions 3-13)                                                        (GLC Profile of this                                                           material is set forth                                                          in FIG. 3)                                                                     Isopropyl Alcohol     100     ml                                               Raney Nickel          30      g                                                ______________________________________                                    

After sealing, the autoclave is then purged with nitrogen followed by hydrogen. The autoclave is pressurized with hydrogen to 500 psig and heated to 100° C, at which temperature stirring is commenced. The autoclave is then heated up to a temperature of less than 160° C for the major portion of the time of the 1st stage of hydrogenation. However, as the uptake of hydrogen diminishes, the autoclave is heated to a temperature of 205° C. A table showing the time, temperature of hydrogenation, autoclave pressure, reservoir pressure, pressure drop and total pressure drop is set forth below:

    ______________________________________                                                                                 Total                                                            Reservoir                                                                             Pressure                                                                              Pressure                               Time Temperature                                                                               Autoclave Pressure                                                                              Drop   Drop                                   ______________________________________                                                         (psig)    (psig) (psig) (psig)                                 0920    75° C                                                                           500       2010                                                 0947 110        540       2010                                                 0952 125        340       2010                                                 1017 110        500        850   1160   1160                                   1030 125        500        580   170    1430                                   1030 125        500       2010   --                                            1045 145        --        --     --     --                                     1055 180        500        600   1410   2840                                   1055 180        480       2010   --     --                                     1205 160        500        680   1330   4170                                   1205 160        480       2000                                                 1240 170        480       1620   380    4550                                   1317 195        480       1430   --                                            1533 205        500       1130   --                                            1616 205        480       1120   500    5050                                   1920  90        150                                                            ______________________________________                                    

At the end of the period of 10 hours as is set forth in the above table, the autoclave is opened and the reaction mass is filtered. The autoclave is then rinsed twice with isopropyl alcohol. The solvent is stripped off at 110° C and atmospheric pressure, then at 25 mm Hg at 110° C. At this point IR and GLC analysis indicates that the reaction mass is a mixture of compounds having the structure: ##STR13## The GLC profile for the reaction mass existing at the end of Stage 1 is set forth in FIG. 4. The infra red spectrum for the compounds having the structure as above. is set forth in FIG. 4a.

The resulting material at the end of Stage 1 has no odor.

STAGE 2:

The solvent-stripped reaction product of the first stage of hydrogenation is admixed with 30 g of Raney nickel and 100 g of isopropyl alcohol and replaced into the 1 liter autoclave. After sealing, the autoclave is purged with nitrogen followed by hydrogen. The autoclave is then heated to 217° C and held at 225°-230° C and 500 psig for a period of eight hours. At the end of the eight hour period, the reaction mixture is cooled, the autoclave is opened and the reaction mass is removed from the autoclave, filtered and the isopropanol recovered at atmospheric pressure at 100° C, then at 25 mm Hg at 110° C. 19.5 g of Primol is added to the resulting oil which is then distilled on a 6 inch vigreaux column yielding the following fractions:

    ______________________________________                                         Fraction                                                                               Vapor      Liquid     Pressure                                                                              Weight                                    Number  Temperature                                                                               Temperature                                                                               mm Hg  of Fraction                               ______________________________________                                         1         113° C                                                                           148        2.3     4.9                                      2       146        165        3.5    17.4                                      3       139        165        2.7    12.4                                      4       145        170        2.7    11.6                                      5       147        175        2.7    14.0                                      6       154        175        2.7    15.5                                      7       158        178        2.7    16.7                                      8       165        178        2.5    22.7                                      9       165        185        2.8    15.8                                      10      156        183        2.4    21.4                                      11      162        187        2.4    22.1                                      12      172        192        2.4    26.0                                      13      187        204        2.3    18.2                                      14      209        236        2.5    21.9                                      15      235        250        2.7    20.5                                      16      241        250        2.7     8.6                                      ______________________________________                                    

Fractions 6-14 are bulked and the resulting product has a strong sandalwood aroma with woody nuances; approximately 5-10 times the strength of the product which is produced according to the products of Example II and Example V of U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,937.

The resulting product is a mixture of several chemical compounds. The GLC profile thereof is set forth in FIG. 5.

EXAMPLE XIV PREPARATION OF A COSMETIC AND POWDER COMPOSITION

A cosmetic powder is prepared by mixing in a ball mill, 100 g of talcum powder with 0.25 g of the composition produced by means of hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol prepared according to Example XIII, second stage. It has an excellent sandalwood aroma with woody and musky nuances.

EXAMPLE XV PERFUMED LIQUID DETERGENT

Concentrated liquid detergents with intense sandalwood aromas are prepared containing 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of the composition produced by means of the hydrogenation of the reaction product of camphene and catechol prepared according to Example XIII, second stage. The detergents are prepared by adding and homogeneously mixing the appropriate quantity of second stage hydrogenation product (of reaction product of catechol and camphene) in the liquid detergent. The detergents all posses intense sandalwood aromas, with the intensity increasing with greater concentrations of hydrogenation product. 

We claim:
 1. The product produced by the process which comprises reacting catechol having the structure: ##STR14## with camphene having the structure: ##STR15## in the presence of a Friedel Crafts Catalyst to form a catechol-camphene alkylation product, recovering said alkylation product at a temperature in the range of from 186° up to 236° C and at a pressure of from 2.3 up to 3.8 mm Hg, hydrogenating the said catechol-camphene alkylation product in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a hydrogenated catechol-camphene addition product, and recovering the said hydrogenated catechol-camphene addition product at a temperature in the range of from 150° C up to 172° C and a pressure of about 2.5 mm Hg, the Friedel Crafts Catalyst being selected from the group consisting of boron trifluoride etherate, sulfuric acid, acid clay, aluminum trichloride, boron trifluoride, boron trifluoride-acetic acid, boron trifluroide-phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, aluminosilicate molecular sieve, and ferric chloride, the reaction between catechol and camphene being carried out at a temperature in the range of from about 120° up to 175° C and the mole ratio of catechol to camphene being in the range of from about 0.5:1 up to about 4:1, the hydrogenation reaction being carried out within a temperature range of 100° up to 300° c, the latter portion of the reaction time being at from 200° up to 300° C.
 2. A product produced by the process which comprises the steps of reacting catechol having the structure: ##STR16## with camphene having the structure: ##STR17## in the presence of a Friedel Crafts Catalyst to form a catechol-camphene alkylation product, recovering the said catechol-camphene alkylation product at a temperature of from 186° up to 236° C and a pressure of from 2.3 up to 3.8 mm Hg hydrogenating the said catechol-camphene alkylation product in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a hydrogenated catechol-camphene addition product, the said hydrogenation being carried out in two consecutive stages:
 1. A first stage carried out at a temperature of from 100° up to 200° C; and
 2. A second stage carried out at a temperature of from 200° up to 300° C. said hydrogenated catechol-camphene addition product being recovered at a temperature in the range of from 154° up to 209° C and a pressure of from 2.3 up to 2.8 mm Hg, the Friedel Crafts Catalyst being selected from the group consisting of boron trifluoride etherate, sulfuric acid, acid clay, aluminum trichloride, boron trifluoride, boron trifluoride-acetic acid, boron trifluoridephosphoric acid, zinc chloride, aluminosilicate molecular sieve, and ferric chloride, the reaction between catechol and camphene being carried out at a temperature in the range of from 120° C up to 175° C and the mole ratio of catechol to camphene being in the range of from about 0.5:1 up to about 4:1. 